Biography of the city of Pushkin

Up to a year, the city was called the royal village, and it is with this name that the brightest pages of the history of the city are associated. Despite the fact that for two centuries the Tsarskoye Selo was a ceremonial summer residence of the Russian emperors, the origin of the name of this city has nothing to do with the Russian word "king". Up to a year, the Tsarskoye Selo lands belonged to the Swedes, and in the place of future royal residences was the Sarah Eta, which Peter I presented to his wife Ekaterina Alekseevna in the year.

After the Swedes were expelled from the conquered territory, the Sarskaya Selea began to be called the Sarah Seal. In the year, the construction of the Stone Palace in Tsarskoye Selo began, and the Finnish name was replaced. Over the years, the modest cape turned into a brilliant suburban residence of Russian autocrats, one of the most beautiful palace and park ensembles of Europe.

Catherine I bequeathed the royal village of her daughter Cesarevna Elizabeth. Elizabeth fell in love with this residence that, barely ascending the throne, instructed the architect Mikhail Zemtsov to draw up a project for the increase and restructuring of the Ekaterininsky Palace. Many talented architects, including Trezini and Rastrelli, worked on the construction of the palace, which became one of the significant monuments of the palace and park architecture of St.

Petersburg. Catherine II also preferred the royal village to all other suburban residences. In its reign, the Alexander Palace was built, and agate rooms, Cameron Gallery and the Grand Duke Corps were attached to the Catherine Palace. The parks of Tsarskoye Selo were expanded and decorated with many new buildings and monuments in honor of the associates of the empress.

It was by the decision of Alexander in the year that the Lyceum was opened, which forever became a symbol of the Tsarskoye Selo and the embodiment of the memory of the young years of Alexander Pushkin. Since the year, the last Russian autocrat Nicholas II has constantly lived in the Alexander Palace since the year. In the year, after the arrest, Nikolai, together with his family, was transported from Tsarskoye village to Tobolsk, and from there to Yekaterinburg, where the emperor’s family and the emperor were shot.

This ended the history of Tsarskoye Selo as the residence of Russian emperors. After the revolution, the palaces of the Tsarskoye village were turned into museums, and children's institutions were located in the best houses and dachas of the city - hence the new name for a children's village, which was given to the city in the year. The next renaming followed in the year when the centennial anniversary was celebrated from the day of the death of Pushkin.

In the Great Patriotic War, the palaces and parks of the Tsarskoye Selo were caused huge damage, but the story with the amber room deserves special attention - a unique monument of artistic culture, lost during the war. The amber room, donated by Peter I with the Prussian king, was dismantled during the German occupation and taken to Germany, where it disappeared without a trace.

For many years of searching for the amber room, they did not lead to anything, and in the end it was decided to restore the room on the preserved documents and photographs. For 25 years, work was underway to create amber panels, and in May, just to celebrate the summer anniversary of St. Petersburg, the revived amber room was opened. Historical certificate G.

The Catherine Palace receives the status of the museum.

Legends and myths were appointed the first director of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, the famous scientist and teacher Vasily Fedorovich Malinovsky was appointed. Together with M. Speransky, he was the author of the First Lyceum Charter, and his expression: "The common cause for the general benefit" became the motto of the lyceum. Despite his short stay as the director, he largely determined the worldview of the lyceum students.

According to one legend, the emperor, angry for something, refused the director of the lyceum in the right to build a summer house in both tsarist residences - Pavlovsk and Tsarskoye Selo. Then Malinovsky, not daring to show off and at the same time wanting to annoy the emperor, built a cottage at an equal footing from both royal palaces, and the gray tape of the highway from Pushkin to Pavlovsk, bifurcating, bypassed the house on both sides.

This summer cottage was known as Robin. During the Great Patriotic War, Robin was destroyed. More about Pushkin.