Cologne biography

Cologne is one of the so -called "carnival bastions" of Germany - cities in which the carnival is celebrated for a very long time and diligently. In the year, the street carnival begins in Cologne in the so -called "Babi Thursday", February 27, and will last until the "ash", March 5. This committee acts as a partner of the city authorities, the police, firefighters and other services, presses, sponsors, contains a carnival museum, coordinates the work of various charitable projects, takes care of the education of the growing carnival generation, monitors compliance with the rules, invents and determines the slogan of the season, approves the topics and motives of satirical wagons, and every year she returns candidates to the candidates for candidates for candidates.

The so -called triumvirate ... carnival procession in the new market in Cologne in the year Photo: CC by Public Domain of the Middle Ages, Napoleon, Prussia themselves carnival traditions in Cologne, one of the oldest cities in Germany, have much deeper roots that go through the Middle Ages. The first written certificate of folk entertainment - a kind of wires of winter before the start of Great Lent - is dated here a year.

Judging by the notes, even then ordinary people loved to change into carnival costumes, depicting priests and nuns. These eternal images are still popular in Cologne. Before the advent of triumvirate, the main character in Cologne was the hero of the carnival, depicted in this figure of the year photo: Gemeinfrei during the time of Napoleon and French occupation, the new authorities tried to ban the carnival at all, because of which mass festivities were not observed in the years, but then the French nevertheless canceled their ban.

However, in the next ten years of the French presence in Cologne, Carnival almost did not return to the streets. Wealthy burghers celebrated the holiday in their homes, arranging balls and masquerades. In the year, the Rhine region after the Vienna Congress passed under the control of Prussia.

So in the year the same committee was created, which took the reins of government with jacks. Then they looked into the water, since in the year the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III issued a common ban on the Carnival’s celebration in the Rhine Province. The Kingdom authorities saw in carnival riot a threat to public order and morality. Exceptions were provided only for cities where there were long -standing carnival traditions.

In addition to Cologne, such an exception was, in particular, the neighboring Dusseldorf. It reaches its climax in February-March when a six-day street carnival passes. The timing of the street carnival depends on the date of the beginning of Great Lent in the Roman Catholic Church, so every year are different. However, this final phase - violent, crazy and enchanting - is preceded by a long carnival session, as is commonly called the entire carnival season.

The session always begins at a magical joke moment of the month of the month at 11 hours 11 minutes. The avid fans of the carnival take a day off on this day and go to celebrate the long -awaited event on the streets and squares of their cities, in Cologne - to the old and hay markets of Alter Markt and Heumarkt. The scale and forms of the celebration of the carnival in the area are forced to take additional measures to ensure order and security.

After the New Year, the carnival life first resumes under the roofs - in various large and small halls, where masquerades, balls and meetings are held - gatherings and holidays with songs, dancing, beer, snacks, traditional rituals and an entertainment program consisting of musical numbers, performances of carnival speakers, humorists and other representatives of the conversational genre.

More than a hundred meetings of different carnival guards and large societies in Cologne are taking place. The rest are generally difficult to count. These events are guided by special presidiums, of course, out of 11 people sitting somewhere on stage or another prominent place. Also, the duties of the chairman include the awarding of artists and honorary guests by carnival orders of the current season.

The most long -awaited moment of such meetings, if this is provided for by the program, is the visit of the main actors of the carnival - the so -called triumvirate or trinity, that is, the prince, the peasant and the Virgin. In total - up to four hundred performances per season, including visiting the nursing homes, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and other places - up to the city prison.

During the proclamation, the prince, the peasant and Virgo first appear before the public in their luxurious costumes and receive symbols of temporary jokes from the hands of Ober -Burgomister Cologne - a pot, a key and a mirror. The costumes are sewn in a single copy to order and during the season the dry cleaning is carried out at night ... Everything is thought out, everything is organized.

The Cologne tradition was interrupted only during the years of National Socialism, when, under pressure from the NSDAP functionaries, the role of the Virgin on the Carnival was first played by a resident of Cologne. Men in women's clothing from the point of view of the ideology of National Socialism were unacceptable - even in the carnival.They symbolically depict the Marquitans - a trade in food supplies and other goods that accompanied the troops.

In some societies, Marishki is called differently - the daughters of the regiment RegimentStoChter. Men to dance women's parties in these pairs in Cologne were banned in the year. The Carnival during the years of National Socialism and after the war, the authorities of the Third Reich tried to take control and use for their own purposes. The implementation of these plans was entrusted with the SIL by Joy by Kraft Durch Freude, which was responsible in Hitler Germany for organizing leisure and tourism.

Another manifestation of this influence was the appearance of carts with anti -Semitic motives in the composition of carnival processions. The scene for this was the Kegel path in one of the city beer. The first post -war march took place here in the year - against the backdrop of ruins and devastation. The carnival maiden again became a man, but the dancing Marishka remained girls.

One of the first buildings that began to be restored in the destroyed center of Cologne was the same Gyurcenchkh hall - the scene of the main carnival rituals. However, the carnival itself as such is still impossible to celebrate, because everyone can celebrate this holiday in its own way, where and how it wants. Therefore, in that year, an alternative event took place in Cologne - the procession of ghosts Geisterzug, declared spontaneously as an anti -war demonstration.

The war soon ended, but the procession of ghosts, which is jokingly called an organized manifestation of anarchy, has become an annual and popular point of the carnival season. In the 19th century, the procession could not be held several times due to disagreements among the members of the Organizational Committee, in the year-because of the official mourning after the death of King Prussia Friedrich Wilhelm IV, due to the global economic crisis-in the years ...

In the year they were canceled due to very bad weather, although usually the participants of the carnival not to frighten. Carnival and Pandemia in the latest history of the Cologne carnival, but it was over, left its mark the pandemic of coronavirus infection, due to which it was necessary to completely cancel the procession in the "frantic Monday" of the year.

Monday procession of the year was held in an abbreviated form and without spectators - at a football stadium with broadcasting on television. The satirical carts were then put on display on the streets and squares of the city.