Biography about Meleuza

Meleuza - as a city - young, as a settlement - our venerable city celebrates its summer. It is important to recall the main milestones of its formation and development. The settlement of Meleus was founded in the second half of the 18th century as a postal stop, a postal courtyard, or rather, pits - this was what similar places of rest and change of horses at the crews of postal Gonba were called.

By the way, the words of the holes and the coachman descended from the Turkic word of Yamchi - “Postal messenger”. So, strictly speaking, the age of the Meleuza itself, in isolation from its statuses, is for at least years today! Yamskaya Gonba was introduced in North-Eastern Rus' back in the time of the Mongol-Tatar yoke. It was a system of postal pits designed to change horses and located at a distance of a mile of each other on the Orenburg tract partially on the lands of the former.

The Nogai Road of the postal yards were located on the intervals to the mile of the daytime carpet, for example, the distance between Ermolaevo, Meleuz and Zirgan. Yamsky service was performed by coachmen who were supposed to hold three horses. In the XVI century, the Yamsk order was created to manage the postal service with G. so that Meleuz went a long and long way of its formation.

The Meleuzovsky Museum stores materials on the history of our region, for certain periods of its development: starting from the postal Meleuzovsky pit on the Meleuzka River, another name is a karan; The current river Karan in pre -revolutionary times was called a small carain, then the village, sat down, and after - the working village and, finally, the city. Since the tract in the foothills of the Southern Urals was much more long, it was made at the state level that it was decided to equip a new path along a more direct and short route at the state level.

The Meleuzovsky pit as an intermediate cabin stop was founded before G. obviously that the tsarist authorities were necessary in the restless at that time, and at times the Buntarsky, the region to have an Orthodox population along the strategic road, which spoke Turkic languages, which means, in general, the Bashkir language, and could conduct economic activities, the purchase of horses for postal service, etc.

The southern outpost of the newly formed Ufa province Meleus remained a village for a long time. Only almost a century later, a couple of years after the abolition of serfdom in Russia, G. And in order to become a village in the tsarist time, it was certainly necessary to build a temple on its land. By that time, in the year, after a hurricane, who demolished the dome of the church with a cross, did not restore it and re -consecrate it, the log house was dismantled and transported to the northern outskirts of the village, setting the technical school at the place of the current building, near the old Orthodox cemetery, is now located here Slava Park.

The building of the transferred church was re-consecrated, so it began to be called in a new way. The second Orthodox Church called in the expansion of the Big Church, Russian; As well as the first, it was demolished during the USSR in Meleuza was built at the end of the 19th century, next to the place of the old church and the current Virgin Mary-Kazan Temple.

She was much larger than the Holy Trinity temple. She was consecrated on the holiday of the Nicolas of the Winter Day of memory of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Archbishop of the Mir Likiyski, celebrated on December 6, on December 19. She began to be called the Nikolsky Church. At the beginning of the XX century in the village. Meleus had two Orthodox churches, two prayer Old Believers and a mosque.

Two years after the Meleuza of the status of the village, the Ufa province was allocated from the Orenburg province in the year, in which the Meleuzsky volost, which included Meleusovo, Ira and Bugulchan, among other villages and villages, entered as the southern outskirts. In addition to the tract with a postal station, a transit prison for the sectors, peasant huts, trading shops, crafts and inns, Meleuzovo had a marina in white by the beginning of the First World War there were already several.

The presence of navigable in those days of the river was the most important component for the successful development of any settlement. So the Meleuzovites actively participated in the trade exchange with the neighbors and transportation of Iletskaya salt, grain of both their own and delivered from the surrounding villages and even from nearby volosts and forests harvested in the Burzyansky and Beloretsky mountains.

It is no accident that on the coat of arms of the Meleus of the model of the year, among other things, a blue tape with the waves on it is depicted, symbolizing the river, as well as three logs, meaning the alloy of forest in white. One of the results of the shifts of eras were changes in administrative borders and political and economic formations. Meleuz and Meleuzovskaya volost were transferred from the Ufa province to the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic recognized by the Soviet regions on March 20, before that, the administrative border between the regions for more than a year and a half, from the GO by gg.

Ufa was formed due to the final liquidation of the Ufa province, whose lands became part of the Bashkir autonomy on June 14The territory of our district initially included the territories of Meleuzovskaya, Zirganovskaya and Aralanovsky volosts. He became a working village at the expense of the plant of milk powder in the district center, the construction of the plant of sucks of the ZSM - the first in the village of a large enterprise.

Due to the increase in the working population in the year, Meleus became a working village. The railway is a big step towards obtaining the status of the city after the Great Patriotic War of the river. Meleuz turned out to be between the two large construction sites of Bashkiria-founded according to the senior leadership of the country of the country of Kumertau cities, also north of the Meleuzians from the x years, Ishimbay city was actively developing with the city of the BASSR Council of Ministers of the BASSR in the year, the Ishimbai-Umolaevo-Tyulgan, which should be delivered by the delivery of equipment and workers to construction and workers to the construction branch of construction.

The site of the Babaevsky coal section, and later on the Tulgan coal cut of the Orenburg region - a single array of the brown coal deposit with an open method. The railway through Meleus was an urgent necessity in the conditions of Komsomol construction projects. The truly heroic efforts of local and visiting builders in the year, our residents first heard a steamed beep.

So Meleuz also became a railway station, taking a big step towards obtaining the status of the city. The Meleuza was formed by the construction and installation department, which trained and designed the future of the year two years later for the construction of coal incisions, the state Trust "Bashkrugylez Ruresrastro" was formed, which included the Meleuzovskoye woodworking plant DOK, which produced products for organizations of Kumertau became a city in the city In connection with the acute need for building materials in the southern region of the republic, it was decided to create a brick factory, and Meleuz was also chosen to create a small seasonal brick factory.

In the year, the establishment of a seasonal enterprise began. In the year, the first stage of the Kirzavod was commissioned. Two years later, the second stage of the enterprise was launched. By the beginning of the year, the Kirzavodsk residents reached the design capacity of production of 30 million pcs. In the post -war years, the need increased in our country for factories that produce reinforced concrete to restore farms destroyed by the war and erect new ones.

In this regard, in January of the year on the northeastern outskirts of the river. Meleuza, not far from the Belaya River, was registered by another construction site, which was declared the All -Union Komsomol Building Building. Young people began to come here from all over Bashkiria and other regions of the Soviet Union. Initially, the plant of reinforced concrete structures was supposed to produce industrial and civil products, but a year later the specialization was changed to the production of racks for supports of the contact network, and in October, ZZHBK gave its first products.

The ZhBK plant, increasing its capacity from year to year, developed confidently. At the same time, the factory’s leadership took care of the well -being of its workers. The construction of residential buildings for the families of factory workers began, a club for youth relaxed and the largest gym at that time was created. Athletes from among factory workers and other citizens could train in good conditions.

Competitions of various levels were held in the gym. And along with these events, our city grew. Mass landscaping not only of the factory territory, but also the whole city followed. Residents of these microdistricts among other Meleuzians were called “concrete” by analogy with the “docks”, “Zhilposlkovsky”, etc. Almost all large -panel houses in the city were built from Meleuz reinforced concrete products.

The decree was published in the newspaper Sovetskaya Bashkiria on August 6. In the X years, the construction of production facilities continued. A grain elevator was opened - one of the largest in the south of Bashkiria. The sugar factory for processing beets was commissioned. A number of already existing enterprises have expanded - the ZSM was transformed into the Military Conservation Plant of the ICK, the car repair shops were renamed the ARZ car repair, the slaughterhouse of the Sterlitamak meat processing plant became the Meleuz meat processing plant.

In the year, a brewery joined. In the year, the Raipshchekombinat, in connection with the expansion of production, was divided into a bakery and an air plant. Meleus in urban status continued to develop his first decade. The newly created and already existing enterprises in stages increased their capacities. The young city gradually expanded the borders. In front of the newly made citizens, regular enterprises were built, schools, kindergartens, apartment buildings, hospital complexes, sports facilities and much more were built.

In the end of the x, Meleuzovskoye streets have already run nine buses. The population of the city of Meleuz for a couple of “city” five -year plans increased to 25 thousand. In connection with this on March 24, the year of Meleus became a city of republican significance, separating administratively from the Meleuzovsky district. But after 20 years, on November 26, the status of the city by decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus began, in fact, to decline again to the district level, the city and the district were administratively united.

This was the first step to lower the status of Meleuz from republican subordination to the district and further to the city settlement. At the first stage of the seven-year transition period, the administration was called the “City and the District”, then a few years later, from September 1, became the administration of the “district and city” in connection with the assignment of Meleuz as compound administrative-territorial units equated to the regions.

And on December 29, according to the application “On the borders, status and administrative centers of municipalities in the Republic of Bashkortostan” to the republican “Law on changes in the territorial -administrative structure” one of 12 cities of district significance - Meleuz - became a city settlement in the Meleuzovsky district. Over the past decades, XXX Meleuz found his face and became a city with industry, construction and food industries, an important transport hub and a trade center.

Our ancestors, our respected veterans from generation to generation laid a powerful foundation for socio-economic development, so that we can use this rich potential today, building our future, continuing to equip our own and beloved city of Meleuz.