Rome Biography History
The state is located in southern Europe, on the Apennine Peninsula. The total area of the territory of the country KM2. Natural conditions: In Italy, there are a large number of mining arrays. In the north there are Italian Alps. The Apennins mountains are located along the entire peninsula. About a third of the country is occupied by plains. The climate of Italy is very diverse.
In northern Italy, the climate is continental: hot summer, cold and foggy winter. In the center of Italy, the climate is sea: warm winter and not hot summer. In the south, a Mediterranean climate: a warm and arid summer and a rainy winter. Italy has a large number of rivers and lakes. The bowels of the country are poor in minerals. In the south and in the center, the subtropical vegetation of olive, citrus fruits, finish palm trees, sugarcane, pomegranate, cotton prevail.
The flora of the north of the country is represented by such plants as walnut, oak, spruce and pine. Fauna: The country's fauna is not very rich. Among mammals, small affection for affection, marten and rodents are common, and wolves and wolves can also meet. The world of birds has the order of species of eagle, vulture, partridge, quail. Several types of reptiles live in Italy, including 3 types of poisonous snakes and scorpions.
The world of insects is diverse: numerous butterflies, cycades, ants, beetles. Of the sea fish, KEFAL, cod, sardines, tuna, flounder are important, and from river - carp, trout, score. Population: the population of 57 thousand. Average density - about people. The state language is Italian. Italy is a parliamentary republic. The executive branch belongs to the President and the Government, headed by the Prime Minister.
The bicameral parliament consists of the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies. The country includes 20 regions. The capital is Rome 3 thousand large cities: Milan 2 thousand political parties: the Italian People’s Party, the Italian Republican Party, the Democratic Union for the Republic. Economics: Italy is a highly developed industrial-agrarian country. Italy can conditionally be divided into the southern agrarian part and the northern industrial.
In industry, processing industries are of the greatest importance. Agriculture in Italy received preemptive development in the south, where wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, barley, traditional Mediterranean vegetables and fruits are cultivated. Italy mainly specializes in crop production. Livestock is divided into sheep breeding, pig breeding, and breeding of cattle. Italy is one of the centers of world tourism.
The banking sector of the economy is well developed. Export: machine -building and metalworking products, sewing, textile, shoe products, chemical products, food, building materials, office office equipment, ferrous and non -ferrous ores. Import: with the exception of energy carriers, coincides with export. Money unit - euro. History: even years BC. In the city during the III century.
Rome conquers the territory of medium and southern Italy. During the 2nd Puni War in the city of in-gg. Julius Caesar in 58 - 51 years. Octavian becomes emperor Augustus, and Rome becomes an empire. At the beginning of the 1st century Rome conquers the lands of Palestine and Jews, and a little later the Romans captured Britain. Rome ceased to be the capital of the world.
After a short domination of the Ostrogots in the city of Byzantium established its power in Italy. Italy was conquered by the Frankish emperor Charles the Great. The Holy Roman Empire was formed in fact the title of its emperor was interpreted as the title of the strongest ruler in Europe. During the expedition of the detachment of J. Garibaldi, Sicily was freed from the Austrians to the south of the country.
Italy, Germany and Austria-Hungary create a triple alliance. Italy receives a colony in Africa, capturing Italian East Africa in Somalia. In the First World War, the country appears on the side of the Entente. The fascist movement of B. Rome of the Papal state of the Vatican begins. Italy enters the Second World War, the Italian troops allied with Germany entered South France. Italy leaves the war by signing an agreement on a truce.
Mussolini is executed, the war in Italy ends. Italy acts as one of the founders of the EU “General Market” at the end of the X - the beginning of the 10ths in Italy is characterized by the activities of terrorist “red brigades”. The main problems facing the government of the country at present: establishing control over illegal immigration from Africa and Eastern European countries, the fight against organized crime, corruption, a high level of unemployment, a large gap in the standard of living between the country's industrial north and agrarian south.