Brief biography of Kalinina

Disable on the page of Anatoly Veniaminovich Kalinin to disable on all pages of the authors to preserve the biography - Anatoly Kalinin Anatoly Veniaminovich Kalinin - Soviet writer, poet and playwright, publicist. Member of the Finnish and Great Patriotic War, military correspondent. The author of novels, stories, essays, reports. The series of his novels “Gypsies” is filmed, his daughter, Natalya Kalinina, wrote scripts for the films.

Anatoly Kalinin was born in the family of a teacher who came from the Don Cossacks. During the Civil War, his father was a member of the Volost Revolutionary Committee, participated in the requisition of property among the rich, and established classes in schools. In early childhood, the boy witnessed the attack of bandits on their house, the mother helped out, the first shot from the Nagan.

The places of residence of the family, always associated with the Don ... land, led to close acquaintance with the household way and culture of the Cossacks. Later, Kalinin recalled: “If that, which is usually called creativity, begins with the search for the impression of early childhood and the lifestyle of the family determined the active life position of Kalinin. At the age of years, Kalinin organized a pioneer detachment and became his first chairman, wrote texts for a detachment newspaper.

The first artistic publications of poems and stories took place in the regional newspaper Hammer, but the writer subsequently called them “bad and superficial”. In the year, Kalinin, as a capable journalist, was invited to work in the Komsomol truth. He worked on the first novel "Kurgan". Serafimovich, having read it, said Kalinin: “Well, hello, young Sholokhov! A separate book, the novel was printed in Rostov-on-Don in Kalinin Military Office on the Finnish Front.

On the instructions of the editorial office, he interviewed M. Sholokhov, but he reluctantly revealed the final plan of the “Quiet Don”. In turn, Sholokhov in anxiously asked about front -line matters. Acquaintance was destined to last for many years. In the year, A. Kalinin joined the CPSU B, in September he was sent to the Southern Front as a special military correspondent of Komsomolskaya Pravda.

He worked fruitfully in different genres: reporting, essay, travel notes, portrait. For the first time, the characteristic Kalinin style was manifested in the essay “Sparks over the Terrible” OKT. Kalinin passed most of his front-line path along with the Don 5th Guards Cavalry Corps. Many heroes of Kalinin will subsequently be involved in this front -line fraternity in one way or another.

In him writes the novel "In the South." The novel was based on the fighting in which the Cossack corps took part. Military friendship is dedicated to the novel “Comrades” in Kalinin’s move to the Pukhlyakovsky farm, work on the topical agricultural essays “At the Middle A level”, “Moonlit nights”, “Unjusting roots”, “In the rear of the lagging collective farm”, “Brothers”, etc.

The artistic world of Kalinin is gradually settled by his fellow countrymen, sometimes with real surnames, their fate is interwoven into a military topic. So, in the novel “Red Banner”, the main characters of which are Cossacks, a wide panorama of military operations on the Southern Front, life in the occupied territories, in the prisoner of war camp unfolds.

The last reprint of the work took place in the moral anxiety of Kalinin’s Roman “The Hard Field”, organically combining various temporary and spatial layers in his composition. Modernity is combined with military retrosprication. Among the already acquaintances of the military and village characters, the writer Mikhailov lives, whose perception and imagination assumes the plot -forming function to the reception of Leonovsky in the novel “Thief” - the image of the writer Firsov.

Among the many positive responses about the novel, Kalinin’s condemnation for the “moral rehabilitation of Vlasovshchina” in that part of the novel, where the writer made an attempt to differentiate to the problem of the prisoner of war, was sharply condemned by S. Zlobin in the magazine “New World”. The novel “Forbidden Zone” was published, where the writer continues to develop the topic of trust in a person, in this case - to the prisoner.

In the light, the story “Echo of War” saw the light. Kalinin explores the phenomenon of betrayal and, as in the gospel legend, the main reason for this evil calls self -power, the desire to preserve and increase his wealth in any way, even at the cost of betrayal. Varvara Tabunshchikova gives the Germans a wounded soldier. Years after the war, Barbara overtakes retribution for the perfect sin - she does not stand the gaze of the mother of a soldier who died through her fault, and falls, struck by paralysis.

It would seem that this episode could become a spectacular end of the story, but Kalinin continues the narrative and talks about how difficult the daughter of Barbara had to care for a paralyzed mother, fulfilling his daughter’s debt, and reduce the reproaches of those around her husband for the life of the “wolf”. Such an open plot, blurring the ending is akin to the myth. The advantages of the “open” plot will be used by Kalinin in a series of novels of the Gypsies on the 1st hours.The plug roots of this work traditionally go to Kalinin in wartime, which largely predicts the events that occur after years in the life of heroes.

The most striking achievement of the novel can be considered the memorable images of the main characters - a beautiful, fulfilled self -esteem of the Russian peasant woman Claudia and a noble, not deprived of the romantic features of the gypsy Budulay. The high intensity of their mature but reverent love makes the most incredible plot intricacies convincing. According to the 1st part of the novel, the feature film "Gypsies" dir was created.

An even greater audience success was a television multi -part version of the novel, published in the same name in the main roles - M. Volunteer and K. Roman “Gremit, bells! In the novel “There is no Return”, the events incredible in dramatic intensity fill the fate of the truly beautiful externally and internally Antonina Kashirina, a woman who fell to carry a difficult burden of life on her shoulders.

In different years, Kalinin wrote a number of articles about M. Sholokhov, many of them were included in the collection of Kalinin “Veshenskoye Summer” in the works of Kalinin to the forefront of a person’s moral world; The writer emphasizes: "It is their main life." Detailed biography.