Biography Andreev Decembrist

Andreas Hermann Henrich von Rosen [3 graduated from the 1st Cadet Corps in St. Petersburg, the biography served in the Life Guards of the Finland Regiment-he did not participate in the activities of secret societies of the Decembrists, but was friends with K. Ryleyev, Prince E. Obolensky, N. Repin and others, attended meetings of the Decembrists who pretended armed performance.

For more than two hours, until the first shots of buckshot, he expected the attacks of the rebels on government units in the square in order to support the rebels on his own. When the rebellion was suppressed, Rosen with his platoon went to the Vasilievsky Island, where the soldiers took the oath to Emperor Nicholas I. Arrested on the day of December 15, December 15, was kept on the main guardhouse, from January 5, during the investigation, he categorically denied his involvement in secret societies and the intake of the conjunction of the oath brought by the Great Prince Konstantin Pavlovich.

Sentenced by the Supreme Criminal Court of the city of Kutorg in the Chita prison of the city of Chita, and the Petrovsky factory, now the city of Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky, in the Irkutsk province. It was during these years that Rosen - sufficiently “random” Decembrist - came the understanding of the “high goal” of Eckardt J. Leipzig, was in the settlement in the city of Kurgan - was engaged in agriculture.

In the city he served in the Mingrelsky Jaeger regiment-, in the 3rd Line Caucasian battalion in Pyatigorsk-was dismissed from military service due to illness. He significantly changed the methods of farming: he refused corvee, transferred the peasants to the quitual, and then leased the landing system to them the landing system considered the most successful form of resolving the agrarian issue.

On the amnesty on August 26 on September 7, rejecting the preservation of corvee and community and without seeing the conditions for the redemption of their allotments and turning them into land owners, Rosen proposed the liberation of serfs without land, “so that they could immediately or on a conditional time with a temporary conditional work, or a resource of material, monetary, mixed, mixed, mixed, mixed.

Payments, as it is easier and rather, I. Letter I. The peasant reform of G. actively contributed to its holding in Izyumsky district, having served two three years by the world mediator of the 2nd site-he taught in the male and women's schools, which he founded in Kamenka to teach peasant children literacy. Juvenile assessor of the Izyumsky District Court.

The peasant bank founded on the Kamenka estate. Literary activities from G. G. Notes were published in German in the Leipzig magazine Die Grenzboten, subsequently, the 1st part of the abbreviated option was released in a separate publication in Leipzig in the city of Stasyulevich called “Memoirs from the past time”. This is the only authoritative source of the text, since Rosen's manuscript, like a significant part of its archive, has not been preserved Rosen.

In the future, “Notes” as a rule, the first part has been repeatedly reprinted entirely and in excerpts. The most famous and most historical value is the first part of the “Decembrist notes”, which is mainly autobiographical. In it, Rosen described his life and historical events, a participant or an eyewitness of which he was primarily an uprising on Senate Square, supplementing the story with the bright characteristics of many Decembrists K.

Ryleev, P. Pestel, N. Bestuzhev, A. Bestuzhev, M. Bestuzhev, Prince E. Obolensky, P. Grabbe, A. Odoevsky and others Muravyova, E. Naryshkina, E. Trubetskoy, M. Volkonskaya and others. Samborsky, First Director of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum V. Malinovsky, commander of the Guards Corps of I. Vasilchikov, Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich and others. Memoirs contain many interesting details of household culture of the 1st half of the 19th century.

In the chapter “Masonic, literary and secret societies from for the year”, Rosen acted to a greater extent as a historian of the social movement in Russia of this time than a memoirist. In his opinion, the political secret societies in Russia were the result of the liberal policy of Alexander I, the impressions of Russian officers from the Patriotic War G. stating the history of the secret societies of the Decembrists, Rosen polemicized with the text of the “reporting of the Investigative Commission” of St.

Petersburg. Bludov - he accused of negligence, distorting facts and obsoryness in relation to power.

The main goal of the Decembrists, the memoirist considered the establishment of a constitutional image of the rule in a monarchical or republican variant. At the same time, he rejected the seriousness of the regicide plans of the participants in secret societies and denied their commitment to the idea of ​​giving Poland to Poland only the “Constitution and the Federal Union” Rosen.

Describing the course of the uprising on Senatskaya Square on December 14, the second and third part of the “Decembrist notes” are generally historical and journalistic. When working on them, Rosen used the documents and special literature “History of the Swedish state” W. Dalina, “Livonia History” H. Kelkh, “The historical viewing of the reign of the sovereign Emperor Nicholas I” N.Ustryalova, “sixty years of the Caucasian War” by R.

Fadeev and others. These parts include an outline of the history of Estland, the characterization of Russia in the reign of Nicholas I, a description of the era of “great reforms” of the x. The main thoughts expressed by Rosen in these sections are the protection of the Ostzeites from accusations of separatism, frequent in the Russian press of the X. At the same time, Rosen did not find the danger of political separatism in the self -government and willingly allowed the introduction of Russian post -reforming zemstvo and judicial institutions in the Baltic states.

At the same time, he defended the right of the German population of the Baltic provinces to use his native language and the confession of Lutheranism in contrast to the attacks of part of the Russian press in particular, the newspaper Moscow Vedomosti and a number of government measures, for example, the command of Emperor Nicholas I on the conduct of office work in the official institutions of the Ostezky Territory and the introduction of it into educational institutions of the region, published in and published in and published in and published in and published in and published The one who has begun to realize with: “There is unthinkable between all citizens of the vast Empire, so that there can be a perfect unity of origin, tribe, faith, language, customs: there is all the difference, even the most obvious, but without harm to state unity” Rosen.

The same stories were affected by him in the note “Private opinion of the Estland landowner in the public case” Russian archive. Among their readers were N. Nekrasov, L. Tolstoy, N. Leskov, Prince P. Vyazemsky and others. The book caused critical responses of many surviving Decembrists. Svistunov not only pointed out a number of actual errors of Rosen, made in the reconstruction of the history of the Decembrist movement, the statement of blind copying by the Decembrists of foreign experience, the desire of members of the Southern Society for the federal structure of Russia and the provision of Independence, etc., V.

Moscow, Bestuzhev Memoirs of the Bestuzhevs spoke. He also published a number of polemic and memoir notes dedicated to the history of the Decembrist movement about P. Pestel, the stay of former members of secret societies in the Caucasus and others. Obolensky, I. Annenkov, E. Bestuzheva, N. Bestuzhev’s sister, A. Bestuzhev Marlinsky and M. Bestuzhev, and others was engaged in the genealogy of the Rosenov family.

He prepared for the press the memoirs of his father Baron Evgeny-Oktavia von Rosen and took part in preparations for the publication of the “complete collection of poems by A. Odoevsky” St. Petersburg. He was married [from April 19, May 1] on Anna Vasilievna, nee Malinovskaya [he was buried with his wife on the window of the window; On the grave in the city Published on May 30, the latest update on August 15, contact the editors.