Mozart cause of death biography

At the same time, most viewers were firmly convinced that the composer was poisoned in the film, despite the fact that the film envious-attrit Salieri does not poison his opponent at all, but only has a psychological influence on him. And Formanovsky Mozart dies from excessive alcohol consumption by the posthumous portrait of Mozart, the work of Barbara Kraft. Poison Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - GG.

His body was swollen and covered with a rash. It is not surprising that all kinds of rumors went around his death. From Prague he returned to the sick, since then he has been constantly sick; It was assumed that he had a dropsy of the old composer, in the dark of reason, tried to cut his throat, and this was interpreted as a repentance for the murder of a genius. The relationship between Salieri and Mozart was really not the best.

However, they talked quite friendly. Salieri properly appreciated the operas of the younger colleague and had no reason to envy him. His position was much higher and better than Mozart, and successes are more significant. The absurdity of the version of poisoning is also confirmed by the medical certificate of the chief physician of Vienna Gulder, von Lobes, in which it was a question of the fact that in the fall Mozart fell ill with a rheumatic inflammatory fever, from which many veins suffered and died at that time, while during a thorough examination of the corpse it was not unusual to reveal anything unusual.

And what poison could Mozart poison? The idea of ​​poisoning by an inorganic derivative of mercury is considered to be just as doubtful, which insisted on the Soviet musicologist I. Belza and the Austrian physician G., with acute mercury intoxication, characteristic external signs are rapidly developing, but the composer was not a characteristic clinical picture of the composer.

However, rumors about poisoning were tenacious. Nowadays, only the lazy does not blame Salieri for this, while who was just not recorded in Mozart's poisoners over the past years! Neuropathologist Matilda Ludendorf attributed this act to the Freemasons, noting that elements were present in the composer’s funeral and recently published an article by some little-known Russian researcher V.

Kozyrev, who was seriously confirmed by the order of the Austrian emperor Leopold II. The latter allegedly heard that the composers were going to invite to the service of the Russian emperor, and decided: there was no need to make such a gift to the Russians. Perhaps the version is not stated quite accurately, but I really don’t want to delve into this clinical delirium with a detective-political bias.

What is the true history of Mozart's disease? The history of the disease is known that in childhood, Wolfgang was often ill with colds. At the age of 6, he transferred the Qatar of the throat, accompanied by high temperature and skin rash of bright red color. At the same 6 years of age, and then at 10 years, Mozart had a fever with pain in the knee joints and joints of the feet. The boy could not even walk for a while.

At the summer, the future master suffered typhoid, at the age of 12 - chickenpox, at 16 years old - jaundice. At the age of 28 and 31 years, he had a severe fever with abundant sweating, abdominal pain and vomiting.

In the last year of Mozart’s life, headaches often bothered. According to some doctors who studied affordable evidence, the composer may have suffered a severe streptococcal infection in a child with a tonsillitis or scarlet fever, which, due to the inaccessibility of antibiotics at that time, led to rheumatism and chronic kidney disease. If this theory is true, then death occurred due to progressive renal failure, which corresponds to the symptoms of the last days of the composer's life.

The last disease began with inflammation of the joints of the arms and legs with rapid progression to immobility. According to the wife of the composer Constantius and his student Zyussmeier, the patient had heat, shed sweat, his legs and arms swollen so much that it was immediately evident. He was disturbed by lower back pain and frequent vomiting. A small rash appeared on the skin, and an unpleasant smell emanated from the body.

Mozart was actually paralyzed, but continued to work, gave orders to Zyussmeire regarding his works. Treatment of medical analysis of the disease and the causes of the death of the master is devoted to a huge amount of work, but all the authors for obvious reasons are forced to rely on relatively indirect data. Probably, the most complete scientific research is K. Analyzing the preserved evidence, the patient’s medical history and medical conclusions about the causes of death, the author came to the conclusion that Mozart died of rheumatic fever, possibly complicated by acute heart failure of such a formidable complication, did not even suspect, before the invention of the stethoscope, about 30 years remained.

It is believed that the official conclusion about the causes of the composer’s death has always been somewhat blurry.However, it should be borne in mind that, as noted in one solid monograph quoted by Bar, from the inhabitants of Vienna, whose death was registered in November-December the year, the cause of death was indicated only in Mozart's documents. Obviously, this side of the matter was then not given much importance.

Nowadays, their methods seem simply barbaric. Mozart was prescribed drugs that stimulate vomiting, put cold compresses and made frequent bloodletting. According to Baer, ​​as a result of bloodletting, the patient lost at least two liters of blood! Probably, it was possible to die from the only treatment of the funeral around the composer’s funeral also floated many fables. The days between the death of the composer and his funeral are shrouded in fog.

The book of the deceased at the Cathedral of St. Stephan indicates the date of death on December 6, while the studies indicate that Mozart was buried in the Holy Mark cemetery on December 7. Firstly, it was necessary to strictly observe the set quarantine periods-48 hours after death, death occurred on December 5. Secondly, it was the 7th, and not on December 6, there was a strong storm, which the composer's contemporaries recalled.

Therefore, having reached the City Gate, Stubentor, people who accompanied the hearse, decided to go back, without reaching the cemetery. This, by the way, was nothing special. In accordance with the requirements of that time, the funeral occurred without a mourning procession and a priest. For loved ones, farewell to the deceased ended after the funeral service in the church. It can be assumed that the composer’s body was left at night in the chapel, and buried the next day.

True, this ritual of burial in bags, spectacularly reproduced in the already mentioned Forman film, was canceled under the pressure of public opinion in a year, with permission to use coffins. It sounds touching, but here it smacks of anachronism. The burial of several corpses in one grave was normal in those days, and according to the requirements, four adults and two children's corpses or five adult dead were allowed into the grave.

Therefore, the burial of the musician was fully consistent with the traditional burial of the inhabitants of Vienna for that time. In order to clarify, we note that already in those days, individual graves and mourning processions were provided for especially famous people. So, for example, the famous Austrian composer Gluck was buried. Perhaps Mozart was forgotten in the declining years?

And this is not so. His operas were often placed, for which he received a good reward. The composer was not particularly loved by Viennese musicians, this is true. Colleagues rarely honestly evaluate their ingenious contemporaries, especially if those, for example, our hero, are harshly and directed by judgments. Yes, and the Viennese Higher Light of Leopold II, in general, did not very highly appreciate the art of Mozart, so no one began to achieve exclusion from the rules for him.

Baron Gottfried Van Svits, the patron and friend of the composer, subsequently for many years the creditor of both his sons, was occupied by his problems - due to a random coincidence, on the day of Mozart’s death, he was removed from the imperial court. Where is the grave of Mozart in the cemetery of St. Mark? After 8 years, the old graves were allowed to bury new dead.

The grave of the genius was visited by his friend Johann George Albrechtsberger for many years in a row, who took his son with him. He accurately remembered the composer burial place, and when, on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary, from the day of the death of Mozart they began to search for this place, he was able to show him. In the year there was a monument on the project of von Gasser.

Then the overseer of the cemetery of St. Mark Alexander Kruger from the wreckage of destroyed tombstones built a small monument, which stood for a long time. The symbolic grave of the composer in the central cemetery of Vienna. It is known that he belongs to a person of short stature, the asthenic constitution and corresponds to the age of the composer. The authenticity is also confirmed by the presence of small eye sockets - this indicates convex eyes - as well as the fact that the line of the skull coincides with the image of the head of the deceased.

At the same time, there are at least two counterarguments: caries on the first side tooth on the left from above, which does not correspond to the pedantic and accurate description of the sick tooth of his son, performed by Leopold Mozart, as well as traces of hemorrhage on the inner surface of the left temporal bone, which, most likely, died and died. Thus, the secret of the disease and the earthly remains of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart remains to the end not disclosed.

Prepared by Yuri Matvienko literature 1. Baroni CD. The Pathobiography and Death of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: From Legend to Reality. Hum Pathol. Bentivoglio M. Musical Skills and Neural Functions. The Legacy of the Brains of Musicians. Ann N Y Acad Sci. Bourke GJ. MOZART: HIS Illnesses and Death. IR Med J. Jenkins J.