Francisco Suarez Biography

In the year it becomes a member of the Jesuit Order and is educated at the Jesuit Collegium. Studies philosophy. Later - theological disciplines at the University of G. gave lecture courses at Spanish universities. Under the pressure of local authorities, he was forced to leave for Rome. There, Suarez was highly appreciated and granted the right to give lectures in the famous Roman College.

Since the year, Suarez heads the Department of Theology at the University of Coimbre. The main philosophical composition of Suarez - “metaphysical reasoning” Suarez rethought many of the provisions of the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. It somewhat modifies it in two central moments: after William Occam abolishes the differences between essence and existence, and also concludes that it is not correct to consider that a thing consists of matter and forms of “Aidos”.

The thing, according to Suarez, is neither matter nor the form, it is primary in relation to them. After Suarez, many philosophers abandoned Gilemorphism. Another important issue for Suarez was the problem of the correlation of free will in a person and divine foresight. According to Suarez, God foresees everything, but still the final choice remains of man. This day remains the doctrine of the Catholic Church.

Suarez had a great influence on theology, remaining in many matters a great authority for the ideology and worldview of the Vatican. Nesterovich The latest philosophical dictionary. Gritsanov A. Minsk, Suarez in many respects modified the teachings of Thomas Aquinas, approaching in a number of moments with Dunce Cattle. Denying the real difference between the essence and existence, Suarez believed that the unit has a primacy in relation to the general; A separate thing is neither a form nor matter, but primary in relation to them, is identical to “existence”.

In the disputes about the ratio of freedom of will and divine predestination, which became aggravated in the polemic with the concepts of Protestantism, Suarez puts on the emphasis on divine foresight: God does not determine the free choice of a person, but foresees him and, in accordance with this assessment of a person’s path to God, reports grace. The teachings of Suarez caused an opposition from the official circles of the church, but subsequently gained significant distribution among Catholic theologists.

The main philosophical works of Suarez “metaphysical reasoning” “Disputationes metaphysicae”, v. According to the political views of Suarez - tyrantomes: the ruler who became a tyrant and thereby violated the divine principle of power, understood as a fair agreement between the people and the ruler, worthy of death. Suarez treatises, setting out the principles of natural law, had a significant impact on Greece.

Philosophical Encyclopedic Dictionary. Ilyichev, P. Fedoseev, S. Kovalev, V. Works: Opera Omnia, v. Literature: Scorraille B. Snarcz, v. Suarez Siarez Francisco on January 5, Granada - September 25, Lisbon - a representative of the second scholasticism; Doctor eximinus is an exceptional, outstanding doctor. He joined the Order of the Jesuits. He studied the law at the University of Salamanki, then taught at many universities in Spain, Portugal and Italy.

The philosophy of Suarez as a whole is based on the Aristotelian-Tomist tradition, and many of his ideas are caused by the polemic of late Tomistists, cattle and ocamists. In the main work “Metaphysical discussions” Disputationes Metaphysicae, Suarez distinguishes metaphysics as a special science with its subject and method of research and builds its work, departing from the traditions of commenting, systematic presentation of ontological problems.

The goal of metaphysics is “contemplation of truth for itself” Disp. Suarez rejects the understanding of the essence and existence characteristic of many volumists as a real difference between two different things, as well as the “formal distinction” of the essence and existence of Dunes of Cattle, he does not agree with their occasional information to the difference in names, since this difference has the basis in the very single thing.

The concept of “real”, covering in Suarez both an actual existence and objectively possible, was the starting point of the discussion about many possible worlds and the basis for the updating of any of them; One of the solutions of this problem was the concept of “the best of the worlds” G. recognizing the real existence of only individual things that can be directly recognized by Disp.

Agreeing with the Dun Cattle that the individual is something really different from the common essence of the thing, Suarez, however, believes that the basis of individual is not “this”, but the composition of the specific form and the specific matter of DISP. Suarez also rejects the volume concept of the “symbolic” that is, quantitatively defined matter as the beginning of the IBID.

Demanding Domingo Banesso's concept, Comrade Thomae, 1; OP.In the treatise “On the Laws” de Legibus, following the whole Tomist teaching in particular, in dividing the law into eternal, natural and human, Suarez emphasized the significance of the volitional element in the establishment of the law: the natural law contains only the most general provisions should be done by evil, etc.

In the discussion, regarding the concept of probabilism, he put forward the idea that the hem This idea was not binding later in the legal formulas “Lex Dubia non Obligat” and “Obligatio Dubia - Obligatio Nulla”. In the treatise “Protection of the Catholic Faith against the Anglican Sect” Defensio Fidei, directed against the head of the Anglican Church of King James I author of treatises on theology, the Bible translator into English, Suerens recognized the society delegating the power of the monarch.

In the treatise “On the War” of De Bello, he identified a number of criteria that define a “fair war, the restoration of justice, when other means and moderation under the war” were exhausted. " The works of Suarez in metaphysics and theology were very popular not only in Catholic, but also in Protestant educational institutions. Suarez influenced Leibniz, Descartes, despite their frequent attacks on Suarez, Spinoza, Hr.

Along with Francisco de Vitoria, he is considered the founder of the theory of “international law”, his legal theory had a great influence on the concept of Gugo Grotius. Bandurovsky New Philosophical Encyclopedia. In four volumes. Stepin, A. Huseynov, G. Next, read:.