Shoan Ualikhanov Biography

Valikhanov Chokan Gingisovich Valikhanov Chokokan Chingisovich Chingisovich Valikhanov - the great Kazakh scientist orientalist, historian, ethnographer, geographer, folklorist, translator, journalist, traveler was born in the Kushmurun fortress near Kustanaya. Chokan’s childhood passed in the family estate of the grandmother Aigan in Syrymbet. Chokan's father is Genghis, Aga Sultan, Grandfather Walikhan.

Chokan's great -grandfather was Khan Abylaya. At the age of twelve, Chokan entered the Siberian Cadet Corps in the city of Omsk, which was considered at that time the best educational institution in Siberia. In the Cadet Corps, Chokan studied with enthusiasm, and in some two or three years caught up and overtook his peers on knowledge. In the formation of Chokan’s worldview, a significant role was played by a friend and classmate of his city of Potanin, teachers N.

Kostyletsky, writer V. In the year, Chokan met I. Berezin and at his request wrote the article “The Khan's Labels of Tokhtamysh”. This was his first scientific work. Already about the summer Chokan, teachers said that he would become a scientist. In the year, Chokan completed his studies in the cadet corps and, in the rank of cornet, entered the service of the adult general of the Stepnoy Territory G.

Youth and not over the years of the developed and educated Kazakh was noticed by Russian intellectuals, by the will of fate, writers and poets A. Maikov, F. Dostoevsky, V. Kurochkin, a newcomer-military officer K. Gutkovsky and Kurochkin Khutkovsky. other. Chokan Valikhanov took part in the fate of the exiled writer-Petrashevts, the future classic of Russian literature F.

Dostoevsky, contributed to the early release of his exile. In the service of the Governor General, Chokan studied the history, ethnography, literature and culture of the peoples of Central Asia, traveled to Central Kazakhstan, Zhetysu, Tarbagatai, collected materials and wrote articles on the history of the steppe region, on customs and traditions, and religion of Kazakhs.

In the years, C. Valikhanov committed a research and ethnographic expedition to Zailiy Kyrgyz and to the auls of Senior Zhuz, to Kulju, where he met the history of the Jungar. In these trips, he wrote the famous “Essays on the Dzungaria”, “Notes of the Kyrgyz”, “On the genres of Kazakh folk poetry”, “Diary of a trip to Issyk-Kul”, “The Traditions and Legends of the Big Kyrgyz-Kaisatka Horde” and other works, which became the basis of a fundamentally new view of Kazakhs, their culture and literature.

These essays and articles were highly appreciated by Russian scientists. Another result of these trips was the fact that Chokan got acquainted with some chapters of the great Kyrgyz epic “Manas”, recorded them, analyzed, translated into Russian, showed that “Manas” was an outstanding work of eastern oral tradition, Kyrgyz folklore. So, individual chapters from Manas were first published in Russian.

The famous traveler P. Semenov-Ten-Shan met with Chokan in Zhetysu-Semirechye and consulted with him about routes along this region. According to his recommendations in the year, Chokan became a full member of the Russian Geographical Society. In the years, Chokan made the most important journey to Kashgar in his short life. Under the name of the merchant Alimbai, scolding his head and changing his appearance, Chokan with his companions entered Kashgar, in which he lived for five months.

He managed to unravel the secret of the death of the English traveler Adolf Schlagantveta, a few months earlier than him to Kashgar from India, and who died at the hands of the local feudal lord Yakub-Bek. Chokan took out from Kashgar a lot of interesting statistical and historical information, which were published in the “Notes of the Russian Geographical Society” in the form of two articles: “Essays on the Dzungaria” and “Description of Kashgar or Altyshaar”.

Altyshaar, more correctly "Altyshahar", that is, "six cities", in those days the so -called East Turkestan, unknown to European geographical science, the state. The Chokan returning from Kashgar to Omsk was met as a hero who explored unknown lands, encouraged, sent to St. Petersburg, where he had a meeting with the king, at which the emperor noted his special merits to the Fatherland.

Unfortunately, in St. Petersburg Chokan was only a few months, and due to illness, he went back to his native places. Returning to the steppe, Chokan decided to leave the service, and even nominated his candidacy in the volost elections, so that, having become a ruler, to try to alleviate the fate of his people. But, unfortunately, the local authorities faded the results of the Chokan elections, offended by injustice, left to the south, to his relative Sultan Tezeck, where after some time he died of an exacerbated disease of tuberculosis.

In the year, the Russian Geographical Society was published by the book of Chokan Valikhanov, and in the preface to it, academician N. Veselovsky wrote the following: “As a brilliant meteor, a descendant of Kazakh khans flashed over the niva of oriental studies and at the same time officer of the Russian army Chokan Gingizovich Valikhanov.Russian guidelines unanimously recognized his phenomenal phenomenon in the person and expected from him great and important revelations about the fate of the Turkic peoples, but the premature death of Chokan deprived us of these hopes of his literary and scientific work is five voluminous volumes.